stoney backup: Server set-up

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Abstract

This document describes server setup for the stoney cloud (Online) Backup service, built upon the Gentoo Linux distribution.

Overview

After working through this documentation, you will be able to set up and configure your own (Online) Backup service server.

Software Installation

Requirements

A working stoney cloud installation.

USE-Flages

For a full OpenLDAP directory installation: 

echo "net-nds/openldap overlays perl sasl" >> /etc/portage/package.use

For a minimal OpenLDAP directory installation (just the necessary tools): 

echo "sys-auth/nss-pam-ldapd sasl" >> /etc/portage/package.use
echo "sys-auth/nss-pam-ldapd ~amd64" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords
echo "net-nds/openldap ~amd64" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords
echo "sys-fs/quota ldap" >> /etc/portage/package.use

For the prov-backup-rsnapshot daemon 

echo "dev-perl/Net-SMTPS ~amd64" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords
echo "perl-core/Switch ~amd64" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords

Emerge

emerge ⁻va nss-pam-ldapd
emerge -va rsnapshot
emerge -va quota
emerge -va dev-perl/Config-IniFiles
emerge -va dev-perl/LockFile-Simple
emerge -va dev-perl/Net-SMTPS
emerge -va dev-perl/perl-ldap
emerge -va virtual/perl-Switch
emerge -va dev-perl/Parallel-ForkManager
emerge -va dev-perl/XML-Simple
emerge -va dev-perl/Date-Calc
emerge -va dev-perl/DateManip
emerge -va dev-perl/DateTime-Format-Strptime
emerge -va dev-perl/text-template
emerge -va perl-core/Switch

CPAN

Install the Time::Stopwatch, XML::Validator::Schema and Schedule::Cron::Events lib form CPAN (no ebuild available) 

cpan

cpan[1]> install Time::Stopwatch
  LWP not available
Fetching with Net::FTP:
ftp://tux.rainside.sk/CPAN/authors/01mailrc.txt.gz
Going to read '/root/.cpan/sources/authors/01mailrc.txt.gz'
...
  ILTZU/Time-Stopwatch-1.00.tar.gz
  /usr/bin/make install  -- OK

cpan[2]> install XML::Validator::Schema
Going to read '/root/.cpan/Metadata'
...
  SAMTREGAR/XML-Validator-Schema-1.10.tar.gz
  /usr/bin/make install  -- OK

cpan[3]> install Schedule::Cron::Events
Going to read '/root/.cpan/Metadata'
...
  /usr/bin/make install  -- OK

cpan[4]> exit
Terminal does not support GetHistory.
Lockfile removed.

Software Configuration

Quota

Add the quota option to /etc/fstab 

/dev/evms/backup_1_new_vol      /var/filer/vol/backup/1  xfs  noatime,usrquota  0 0

mount -o remount,quota /
mount -o remount,usrquota /

OpenLDAP

/etc/openldap/ldap.conf

nss-pam-ldapd

/etc/nslcd.conf

# This is the configuration file for the LDAP nameservice
# switch library's nslcd daemon. It configures the mapping
# between NSS names (see /etc/nsswitch.conf) and LDAP
# information in the directory.
# See the manual page nslcd.conf(5) for more information.

# The user and group nslcd should run as.
uid nslcd
gid nslcd

# The uri pointing to the LDAP server to use for name lookups.
# Multiple entries may be specified. The address that is used
# here should be resolvable without using LDAP (obviously).
#uri ldap://127.0.0.1/
#uri ldaps://127.0.0.1/
#uri ldapi://%2fvar%2frun%2fldapi_sock/
# Note: %2f encodes the '/' used as directory separator
uri ldaps://ldapm.tombstone.ch

# The LDAP version to use (defaults to 3
# if supported by client library)
#ldap_version 3

# The distinguished name of the search base.
base dc=stoney-cloud,dc=org

# The distinguished name to bind to the server with.
# Optional: default is to bind anonymously.
binddn cn=Manager,dc=stoney-cloud,dc=org

# The credentials to bind with.
# Optional: default is no credentials.
# Note that if you set a bindpw you should check the permissions of this file.
bindpw myverysecretpassword

# The distinguished name to perform password modifications by root by.
#rootpwmoddn cn=admin,dc=example,dc=com

# The default search scope.
#scope sub
#scope one
#scope base

# Customize certain database lookups.
#base   group  ou=Groups,dc=example,dc=com
base   group  ou=groups,ou=backup,ou=services,dc=stoney-cloud,dc=org
base   passwd ou=accounts,ou=backup,ou=services,dc=stoney-cloud,dc=org
base   shadow ou=accounts,ou=backup,ou=services,dc=stoney-cloud,dc=org
#scope  group  onelevel
#scope  hosts  sub

#filter group  (&(objectClass=posixGroup)(sstIsActive=TRUE))
filter passwd (&(objectClass=posixAccount)(sstIsActive=TRUE))
filter shadow (&(objectClass=shadowAccount)(sstIsActive=TRUE))

# Bind/connect timelimit.
#bind_timelimit 30

# Search timelimit.
#timelimit 30

# Idle timelimit. nslcd will close connections if the
# server has not been contacted for the number of seconds.
#idle_timelimit 3600

# Use StartTLS without verifying the server certificate.
#ssl start_tls
tls_reqcert never

# CA certificates for server certificate verification
#tls_cacertdir /etc/ssl/certs
#tls_cacertfile /etc/ssl/ca.cert

# Seed the PRNG if /dev/urandom is not provided
#tls_randfile /var/run/egd-pool

# SSL cipher suite
# See man ciphers for syntax
#tls_ciphers TLSv1

# Client certificate and key
# Use these, if your server requires client authentication.
#tls_cert
#tls_key

# Mappings for Services for UNIX 3.5
#filter passwd (objectClass=User)
#map    passwd uid              msSFU30Name
#map    passwd userPassword     msSFU30Password
#map    passwd homeDirectory    msSFU30HomeDirectory
#map    passwd homeDirectory    msSFUHomeDirectory
#filter shadow (objectClass=User)
#map    shadow uid              msSFU30Name
#map    shadow userPassword     msSFU30Password
#filter group  (objectClass=Group)
#map    group  member           msSFU30PosixMember

# Mappings for Services for UNIX 2.0
#filter passwd (objectClass=User)
#map    passwd uid              msSFUName
#map    passwd userPassword     msSFUPassword
#map    passwd homeDirectory    msSFUHomeDirectory
#map    passwd gecos            msSFUName
#filter shadow (objectClass=User)
#map    shadow uid              msSFUName
#map    shadow userPassword     msSFUPassword
#map    shadow shadowLastChange pwdLastSet
#filter group  (objectClass=Group)
#map    group  member           posixMember

# Mappings for Active Directory
#pagesize 1000
#referrals off
#idle_timelimit 800
#filter passwd (&(objectClass=user)(!(objectClass=computer))(uidNumber=*)(unixHomeDirectory=*))
#map    passwd uid              sAMAccountName
#map    passwd homeDirectory    unixHomeDirectory
#map    passwd gecos            displayName
#filter shadow (&(objectClass=user)(!(objectClass=computer))(uidNumber=*)(unixHomeDirectory=*))
#map    shadow uid              sAMAccountName
#map    shadow shadowLastChange pwdLastSet
#filter group  (objectClass=group)

# Alternative mappings for Active Directory
# (replace the SIDs in the objectSid mappings with the value for your domain)
#pagesize 1000
#referrals off
#idle_timelimit 800
#filter passwd (&(objectClass=user)(objectClass=person)(!(objectClass=computer)))
#map    passwd uid           cn
#map    passwd uidNumber     objectSid:S-1-5-21-3623811015-3361044348-30300820
#map    passwd gidNumber     objectSid:S-1-5-21-3623811015-3361044348-30300820
#map    passwd homeDirectory "/home/$cn"
#map    passwd gecos         displayName
#map    passwd loginShell    "/bin/bash"
#filter group (|(objectClass=group)(objectClass=person))
#map    group gidNumber      objectSid:S-1-5-21-3623811015-3361044348-30300820

# Mappings for AIX SecureWay
#filter passwd (objectClass=aixAccount)
#map    passwd uid              userName
#map    passwd userPassword     passwordChar
#map    passwd uidNumber        uid
#map    passwd gidNumber        gid
#filter group  (objectClass=aixAccessGroup)
#map    group  cn               groupName
#map    group  gidNumber        gid



/etc/nsswitch.conf

passwd:      files ldap
shadow:      files ldap
group:       files ldap

# passwd:    db files nis
# shadow:    db files nis
# group:     db files nis

hosts:       files dns
networks:    files dns

services:    db files
protocols:   db files
rpc:         db files
ethers:      db files
netmasks:    files
netgroup:    files
bootparams:  files

automount:   files
aliases:     files

rsnapshot

Install the source 

cd /var/work
git clone --recursive https://github.com/stepping-stone/backup-util.git
cd backup-util/bin
ln -s ../perl-utils/lib/PerlUtil/ PerlUtil

Configuration

vi /var/work/backup-util/etc/snapshot.conf 

[General]
MaxParallelProcesses = 5
Rsnapshot_command = /usr/bin/nice -n 19 /usr/bin/rsnapshot  -c /etc/rsnapshot/rsnapshot.conf.%uid% %interval%

[LDAP]
Host = ldaps://ldapm.tombstone.ch
Port = 636
User = cn=Manager,dc=foss-cloud,dc=org
Password = <Password>
CA_Path = /etc/ssl/certs
Accounts_Base = ou=accounts,ou=backup,ou=services,dc=foss-cloud,dc=org

Cronjobs

crontab -e

...
# Rsnapshot for all users
30 22 * * * /var/work/backup-util/bin/snapshot.pl --interval daily
15 22 * * sun /var/work/backup-util/bin/snapshot.pl --interval weekly
00 22 1 * * /var/work/backup-util/bin/snapshot.pl --interval monthly
...

prov-backup-rsnapshot

cd /var/work
git clone --recursive https://github.com/stepping-stone/prov-backup-rsnapshot.git
cd /var/work/prov-backup-rsnapshot/Provisioning/etc/Provisioning/
ln -s ../../../etc/Provisioning/Backup/ Backup
cd /var/work/prov-backup-rsnapshot/Provisioning/lib/Provisioning/
ln -s ../../../lib/Provisioning/Backup/ Backup

Configuration

The configuration file is currently located in the /var/work/prov-backup-rsnapshot directory: 

vi /var/work/prov-backup-rsnapshot/etc/Provisioning/Backup/Rsnapshot_test.conf

# Copyright (C) 2013 stepping stone GmbH
#                    Switzerland
#                    http://www.stepping-stone.ch
#                    support@stepping-stone.ch
#
# Authors:
#  Pat Kläy <pat.klaey@stepping-stone.ch>
#  
# Licensed under the EUPL, Version 1.1.
#
# You may not use this work except in compliance with the
# Licence.
# You may obtain a copy of the Licence at:
#
# http://www.osor.eu/eupl
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in
# writing, software distributed under the Licence is
# distributed on an "AS IS" basis,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either
# express or implied.
# See the Licence for the specific language governing
# permissions and limitations under the Licence.
#


[Global]
# If true the script logs every information to the log-file.
LOG_DEBUG = 1

# If true the script logs additional information to the log-file.
LOG_INFO = 1

#If true the script logs warnings to the log-file.
LOG_WARNING = 1

#If true the script logs errors to the log-file.
LOG_ERR = 1

ENVIRONMENT = 
 
[Database]
BACKEND = LDAP
SERVER = ldaps://ldapm.tombstone.ch
PORT = 636
ADMIN_USER = cn=Manager,dc=stoney-cloud,dc=org
ADMIN_PASSWORD = <PASSWORD>
SERVICE_SUBTREE = ou=accounts,ou=backup,ou=services,dc=stoney-cloud,dc=org
COOKIE_FILE = /var/work/prov-backup-rsnapshot/Provisioning/etc/Provisioning/Backup/rnsapshot.cookie
DEFAULT_COOKIE = rid=001,csn=
SEARCH_FILTER = (&(entryCSN>=%entryCSN%)(objectClass=*))

[Service]
MODUS = selfcare
TRANSPORTAPI = LocalCLI
SERVICE = Backup
TYPE = Rsnapshot

SYSLOG = Backup-Rsnapshot

[Gateway]
HOST = localhost
USER = provisioning
DSA_FILE = none

[Backup]
RSNAPSHOT_CONFIG_FILE = /etc/rsnapshot/rsnapshot.conf.%uid%
SET_QUOTA_CMD = /usr/sbin/setquota
CREATE_CHROOT_CMD = /root/createDummyBackupDirectory.sh # You might want to change this for the productive system
MOUNTPOINT = / # You might want to change this for the productive system

Init Scirpts

Currently we just create very basic init scripts which start and stop the deamon: 

/etc/init.d/prov-backup-rsnapshot

#!/sbin/runscript
# Copyright 1999-2013 Gentoo Foundation
# Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License v2
# $Header: $

depend() {
    need net
    after slapd
}

start() {
    ebegin "Starting backup-rsnapshot provisioning daemon"
    start-stop-daemon --start \
        --background \
        --user ${USER:-root}:${GROUP:-root} \
        --make-pidfile \
        --pidfile "${PIDFILE}" \
        --exec /var/work/prov-backup-rsnapshot/Provisioning/bin/provisioning.pl \
        --interpreted \
        -- ${OPTIONS} \
            -c /var/work/prov-backup-rsnapshot/Provisioning/etc/Provisioning/Backup/Rsnapshot_test.conf \
            -g /var/work/prov-backup-rsnapshot/Provisioning/etc/Provisioning/Global.conf
    eend $?
}

stop() {
    ebegin "Stopping backup-rsnapshot provisioning daemon"
    start-stop-daemon --stop \
        --pidfile "${PIDFILE}"
    eend $?
}

/etc/conf.d/prov-backup-rsnapshot

USER="root"
GROUP="root"

PIDFILE="/run/prov-backup-rsnapshot.pid"

# OPTIONS="..."

Run-Level

rc-update add prov-backup-rsnapshot default

schedule warning

To install the new schedule warning script you have to execute the following commands: 

cd /var/work/
git clone --recursive https://github.com/stepping-stone/backup-surveillance.git
cd backup-surveillance/bin/
ln -s ../perl-utils/lib/PerlUtil/ PerlUtil

Links

  • OpenLDAP, an open source implementation of the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol.
  • nss-pam-ldapd, a Name Service Switch (NSS) module that allows your LDAP server to provide user account, group, host name, alias, netgroup, and basically any other information that you would normally get from /etc flat files or NIS.
  • Centralized authentication using OpenLDAP.
  • openssh-lpk_openldap.schema OpenSSH LDAP Public Keys.
  • linuxquota Linux DiskQuota.
  • rsnapshot, a remote filesystem snapshot utility, based on rsync.
  • Jailkit, set of utilities to limit user accounts to specific files using chroot() and or specific commands. Also includes a tool to build a chroot environment.
  • Busybox BusyBox combines tiny versions of many common UNIX utilities into a single small executable. Useful to reduce the number of files (and thus the complexity) when building a chroot.
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